Naltrexone For Opioid Addiction

What Is Naltrexone?

Naltrexone is a commonly prescribed medication used to treat opioid use disorders. Naltrexone works by blocking specific receptors in the brain that opioids target to get their desired effects of euphoria and sedation. By blocking these receptors and preventing the desired effects, the result is reduced cravings for opioids.

Naltrexone should be part of a comprehensive recovery program consisting of counseling, support groups, and other treatment methods recommended by your doctor or licensed therapist.

Naltrexone will trigger withdrawal symptoms if one is physically dependent or actively taking any opioid. Therefore, it’s essential to refrain from taking opioids for a minimum of seven to ten days before taking naltrexone to reduce the risk of withdrawal. However, the length of time will vary from one person to another depending on the type of opioid use disorder, the amount used, how it was administered, and how long it has been used. Many people begin naltrexone treatment after completing a medically supervised detoxication for opioids.

Recovering from an opioid use disorder takes time and patience, as it’s not a quick process. But with the help of medications like naltrexone and an array of treatment options available, you will have support every step of the way.

Uses Of Naltrexone

Naltrexone works differently than other types of medication traditionally used in opioid use disorder treatment. For example, other opioid medications like buprenorphine and methadone help reduce cravings by activating the opioid receptors in the brain and reducing cravings for other opioids. These medications are also effective for many reasons; however, they remain as partial opioids in the body.

On the other hand, naltrexone reduces the desire to use opioids. By blocking these specific brain receptors, naltrexone users do not experience the euphoric and sedative effects of opioids. Naltrexone also does not cause any withdrawals or cravings when you stop taking it, making it a good option for someone not interested in taking medications indefinitely.

How Does Naltrexone Help Addiction Treatment?

Often, opioids will give a user a “high” or “rush” feeling, which many describe as feelings of contentment and pain relief. When taking naltrexone, the brain blocks the receptors responsible for these feelings, eliminating the possibility of a high.

Naltrexone has the highest chance of success when an individual has completed the detoxification stage and is motivated to continue in recovery. Alert your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any cravings when using naltrexone.

It is common for individuals taking naltrexone to lose their tolerance for opioids, so it is vital to abstain from taking any opioid after treatment. Relapse events that include opioids can result in serious complications, including overdose.

How Is Naltrexone Administered?

Naltrexone is available in three forms: tablet, injectable, and implant device. Common brand names for the tablet are ReVia and Depade. The injectable extended-release form of the drug is often sold under the name Vivitrol.

Tablet-form doses of naltrexone vary by person and will have different levels of strength and amounts required daily. Follow the healthcare provider’s instructions for consumption information. It can be taken at home or in a treatment center setting. If taking the tablet form at home, having a family member or caregiver administer the doses as scheduled may be helpful. Do not adjust the amount of medication unless a healthcare provider determines it is necessary.

Another form of naltrexone is a type of implant used for treatment. Implants are shaped like small pellets and are inserted into the lower abdominal wall. Insertion is completed with a local anesthetic. Once implanted, the device releases a consistent amount of naltrexone in the body for approximately three to six months. Implants are only available in an inpatient treatment setting to monitor potential side effects.

Naltrexone can also be administered through an extended-release injectable. Each month, a healthcare professional injects the medication into a muscle in a hospital or outpatient setting. Shortly after, you may notice pain, redness, bruising, or swelling near the injection site. While this is common, notify a healthcare professional if it does not go away or worsens within two weeks.

Side Effects Of Naltrexone

Taking naltrexone may cause side effects. These generally disappear once your body adjusts to the medicine. Minor side effects that have been reported include:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Tiredness
• Mild abdominal pain
• Trouble sleeping
• Joint or muscle pain

Always talk with your healthcare provider about potential side effects and complications before starting naltrexone. This will allow you to clarify any questions or concerns before taking the medication.

Naltrexone Interactions

Sometimes, naltrexone can cause unpleasant effects when combined with certain substances, including over-the-counter or prescription medications, supplements, or herbal remedies. Several of the more common drugs that may counteract naltrexone are:

• Opioids
• Methadone
• Certain medications for diarrhea, cough, and pain
• Disulfiram
• Thioridazine

Keep an updated list of all medications you are currently taking, and speak with your doctor about drug interactions before taking naltrexone. In addition, check with your healthcare provider immediately if you begin to experience any adverse side effects from taking the medication.

Where Is Naltrexone Available?

Naltrexone is only available with a healthcare provider’s prescription. Your healthcare provider will work with you to develop a recovery plan tailored to your needs. Depending on where you are in treatment, the medication may be administered in an inpatient facility or at your home. Medication-assisted therapy should always be part of an overall recovery program to achieve long-term sobriety.

The Time For Help Is Now

If you’d like to find out if naltrexone can help with your opioid addiction, or if you’re looking to support a loved one, contact a treatment provider today.